Mediterranean Odyssey

Goodbye Greece

2009-07-21T02:51:00.002-05:00

Buffy, the professor and I are in the Athens Airport one more time drinking cappucino and waiting for a plane. Thanks for following the Odyssey. I will add one more picture here when we get back to Barton Creek Elementary and Buffy joins the bluejays.

Ancient Corinth

2009-07-19T09:52:00.007-05:00

I am staying in Ancient Corinth. It is a small village, which is only about 1 hour by train from Athens. There is an important archaeological site here and a small village with several restaurants. I thought it might be fun to post some before and after pictures. When I was here before I was amazed at the traffic that went through the plateia (or central square). There were often busses and big vehicles going both ways and even sometimes cars parked along the side. It seemed crazy to me. In the time since I was here last they have closed off the plateia for traffic and now it is only for walking. I really like the way it looks now and it seems to be very good for the restaurants. They are all busy in the evenings and people are walking all around. If you want to see pictures of the original post about the plateia go here: http://jfriesen.edublogs.org/2006/06/27/the-plateia/ We are here because the Professor has some work to do with other specialists. One of the people he is meeting with is Sandra Garvie Lok who is an Associate Professor at the University of Alberta and works with the scientific evaluation of material remains. Here is a picture of her doing some work while waiting for a meeting.

Ancient Greece

2009-07-19T09:34:00.009-05:00

We have been in Greece for a few days and I have a few things to show you. Yesterday we went to a new museum. It is called the Acropolis museum. The Acropolis is a hill right in the middle of Athens. The image of Athens below is from Google Earth. You can explore there to see what it looks like. One of the main structures at the top is the Parthenon. This is a very famous building that was originally built by Greeks. The proportions of the structure are amazing. The columns were made specifically so that they could hold up the weight of the ceiling, but not look as massive as they really are. The Parthenon has a long history. When it was built, ancient artists carved beautiful scenes into the big blocks at the top of the building. Over the centuries there were various things that destroyed parts of the Parthenon. For a while it was a church and there was a fire and it was also blown up. Early in the 1800’s a British Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire (the Turkish Empire was in control of this area at the time) saw how valuable the carved blocks would be. He removed about half of them and brought them back to England and they are now in the British Museum. At the time some people thought he was doing a good thing and others thought that it was like looting, or taking something that did not belong to him. Over the years there has been a lot of controversy about what is now called the Elgin Marbles (or the Parthenon Marbles). Greece believes that the marbles should be returned to their original place, but the British Museum argues that they are taking good care of them and that they were put in the British Museum legally. Now Greece has created this new museum, which is really fantastic in order to display many of the finds and they have created a place in the museum specifically for the Parthenon Marbles. They have on display all of the Marbles that were left and copies in plaster of the ones that are missing. What I liked most about the museum is that when they built it they did archaeology under the museum and they built the museum around the dig. You can walk on glass over the dig and look down to see what they found. Inside the museum we could not take pictures, but there were lots of statues and of course the Marbles. The thing about the statues was that many of them had color left on them and so it was possible to see how they were painted!

Classical archaeology shows us about how people built in ancient times. This is a picture of Hephaistos temple, which is one of the few that are in really good condition. You will notice that both ends of the building have a triangle at the top. This is called a pediment. Pediments often have beautiful statues that show scenes with Gods and men. Here is an example from the a model of the Parthenon. The image is from Wikimedia Commons. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:West_Pediment_Parthenon_B-3.jpg

Forgotten Shot

2009-07-19T07:46:00.003-05:00

I was going to include this shot in my last blog post and since it was taken at Pompeii I don't want to mix it up with my Greece pictures. This is a friend of ours named James. (Some people know him as Dr. Walters). He is posing just like an ancient person might. He is standing in a tavern. There are a lot of them in Pompeii. I think that we saw more of them than we did mills!

Goodbye Italy

2009-07-17T09:53:00.007-05:00

Now I have some sad news for you. Dill has decided to stay in Sperlanga. It is a beautiful beach area with that interesting Villa built into a cave. He must have really liked it.

We can’t go on without a mascot, so I was happy to find this Buffalo. The Professor has named it Buffy. In southern Italy people raise water buffalo for the mozzarella cheese that they can make from their milk. In many places you will find ads for buffalo mozzerella. This picture shows Buffy on an altar. It is a small one built right into the corner of a street. Besides the big temples where there were priests that did special sacrifices to gods there were also smaller alters like this one that were for more ordinary people to use for smaller sacrifices. We took this picture when we went to visit Pompeii for one last time. The day before this most of the group also visited a place called Herculaneum. It is smaller than Pompeii, but also was effected by the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius. They are doing lots of preservation work at Herculaneum and there is a lot of really fascinating stuff to see there.

In Pompeii I saw a few more things that I want to share with you before we go on to Greece.
Flour Mills-This is a picture of a flour mill. We saw places that had several really large ones and also smaller ones. People would bring their wheat and pour it into the top. Then a wooden rod would be put into the slot on the side and the top part would grind around the lower part and the wheat would turn to flour. Most of these places also had ovens, so you could tell that people came for their flour and also the baked bread to these places.

More evidence of people-This is a picture of one of the bodies that was found here. They did not actually find the body because it would have burned up, but they found places where people had been and they were able to fill the space in with plaster and then it was like a mold that showed the people. The ones that were left there had died of asphyxiation because they could not breath and then when the ashes fell they were buried right there. You can actually see the skull and teeth of this person.

A Puzzle-I saw this piece of a column and wondered why it was slanted. Did people use slanted columns for something. I asked the professor and he figured it out. Can you? It is sort of a geometry problem. If you need a clue click here. Tomorrow I will post the answer.

Today the Professor and I have been traveling from Italy to Greece. We will miss Italy. It really was a great place to visit. I am only on this trip for a few more days. I would really like to write more about what my readers are interested in. Write a comment to let me know what questions you have!

Naples

2009-07-16T13:32:00.010-05:00

It seems like so long ago when we visited Naples, but I think it was only three days ago. Naples is not far from Pompeii and so we took a train to get there. It is a crowded city and it has a reputation for being a place where you can get a purse stolen easily, so you have to be careful. Naples is also not known particularly as an archaeological site, so it was very interesting to see what we saw. Rabin Taylor and Joe Alceres took us around Naples. They have been working on a book about archaeological finds in Naples. Joe is an expert in Medieval times and Rabin does Greek and Roman Naples.

When I was young my family had a cabin near a river. We would go there on vacation and sometimes I would explore the area and take walks through the woods. One time I found a discarded stove and some other stuff and I was intrigued. Where did these things come from? I imagine that something similar might happen for a child in Naples. You see, the modern city was built on top of the ancient city and so there are layers and layers of different remains. When you walk in the streets in most places Naples looks like a busy city with narrow streets, but UNDER the city there is a lot of really interesting history that archaeologists are just beginning to find. In fact in one place the archaeologists had to buy apartment buildings in order to dig and then they even found things under buildings and so they bought basements and first floors from some buildings! Imagine a kid in Naples going to the basement and wondering about something there. Would you ask questions until you figured out what something was? Here is a question that the archaeologists have not answered yet. They found 5 little rooms underground and there were these structures in each room. They sort of look like couches, but they are slanted. What do you think they are? They had to dig out a lot of fill dirt in order to find these rooms. What happens is that when something is not being used and people want to build something new they cover it over with fill dirt and then build on top of it. Under these buildings they found water channels and areas that they could identify as businesses. They also found a theater! At first there were plans to knock down the modern buildings in this whole area and reveal the whole theater, but they realized that it is important to save evidence from all of the different layers of things that happened in history, so they are trying to work carefully and keep evidence from the different centuries that they find.

Another example is found under this church. It looks like a big modern cathedral now, but it was built on top of an ancient temple. Some of the columns of the temple were reused in the cathedral. There are actually three different churches that you can access from this one church. When you go into it you are in the main cathedral. Then you come to the earlier church (which I do not have a picture of) and finally you can get to a baptismal area from the fourth century AD. It has a mosiac ceiling with biblical scenes shown. This is a picture of the wedding where Jesus turned the water into wine. Archaeologists have traced back even further and found evidence of this temple from the first century AD. Nearby they also found evidence of this market place. For hundreds of years people have been using the same foundations to construct new things on top of the old, so there are layers upon layers of information. In Naples there are over 600 miles of caves underground that were used for various things. We did not go into these caves, but I left Naples surprised with how much there was to discover. I am guessing that even most Napolean children have no idea of what is under their city!

People are still very religious in Naples. This is an example of a modern niche that we saw just along the street. People have these shrines outside their houses. I think this is one with burning martyrs.

On the Way to Pompeii

2009-07-12T11:46:00.015-05:00

We left Rome with a rented bus two days ago and headed for Pompeii. On the way we stopped at Sperlonga. This is an archaeological site where the emperor Tiberius built a beautiful villa. It is built so that next to the house is the dining area that goes right into a cave. In his time there was a room called the Triclinium, which means three couches where people ate. There were three couches and people would lay on their sides while servants brought them food. This Triclinium was actually right next to the fish ponds so that the people could see the fresh fish that they were about to eat. Dr. Robinson who you saw in an earlier post was the expert explaining the site to us. She said that it was very popular for Romans to have villas on the beach and so there were villas all along the coast, but not too many with an amazing cave like this one.

We arrived in Pompeii and settled in and the next day spent the whole day at the ancient site of Pompeii. Most people know the amazing story of Pompeii, but I will repeat it here. Pompeii is a village at the bottom of Mt. Vesuvius. In 62 AD there was a huge earthquake and then in 79 Mt. Vesuvius erupted. The people were just rebuilding from the earthquake when the erruption occurred. The eruption was so strong and so fast that it covered the village before people could leave or get their belongings. The lava was so hot that it burned up most everything, but in the places that things were (people, wood, household goods, etc…) there were holes that could be filled in with plaster and a mold could be made of what had been destroyed.

This was a HUGE find for archaeologists because there was so much left intact after the earthquake. You can see from this picture that it looks like a pretty normal street. There is a whole city that you can walk through just like this and many of the houses are intact so that you can tell what a house was like in ancient times. Many wall paintings remained also. John Clark guided us around the site. He has written many books on Pompeii and was able to take us to a few of the locked houses and explain what we were seeing. It was amazing. One story he told us that was interesting is that in one house (the house of Meander) they found bones of people and from the evidence around them you could tell that they had been digging into the ash trying to get to valuable things. You can imagine that people did not have time to get their silver or anything else, so after the volcano had settled down owners and also looters went and dug to find treasure. Anyway, later in this house archaeologists discovered a hoard of silver and so they think that probably the people who owned the house had come back to get the silver and died of asphixiation (they could not get enough oxygen) while digging tunnels.

There was SO much to see in Pompeii. We had to hurry through to see all of the things that Dr. Clark wanted to show us. There is still so much that we have not looked at and it would be worth going back. One book that Dr. Clark wrote, Roman Life 100 B.C. to A.D. 200 that is really interesting has a CD Rom in it that has a program where you can walk through one of the houses at Pompeii. You can go through the house as a person with different status and see that they were allowed to visit different areas. I highly recommend it!

Next: Naples

Summing Up Rome

2009-07-11T10:04:00.007-05:00

THE OBAMA FAMILY
A few evenings ago in Rome we were having a pleasant dinner and all of a sudden there was lots of activity in the street next to the restaurant where we were eating and a helicopter hovering above. We were eating outside and we were able to watch as Michelle Obama, Sasha and Malia stopped at Maccheroni Restaurant right across from La Nuova Capannina where we were eating! I am sorry I did not get a picture of them, it was just too fast. It was so exciting. Obama has been here in Rome for the G8 meetings and so the whole family is also here on vacation. After Michelle and the girls were done with their spaghetti they went on to get gelato at one of our favorite Gelateries. I will add a picture soon!

I also caught these pictures of a protest of the G8 meetings that was right below the apartment where we were staying. The G8 stands for Group of Eight and is an annual summit meeting of 8 countries that comes to certain agreements. The countries are Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States.They make decisions on things that effect all of us like global warming and economics. Some people think that their decisions are important and other people think that there is no way to enforce what they decide. Because of this it is a very controversial group. There are always some protests of the meetings.

ROME SUMMARY
I want to sum up with some thoughts about Rome. If you ever go to Rome you should know that there is just too much to see and to do. You will have to choose a few things that you don’t want to miss and do those. One thing that we did that was helpful was to get a Roma pass. It gave us 3 days of free access to public transportation, two free museum visits and after that museums were half price for the rest of the three days. I think that you can also get these passes for more days. There are two places to stay that I wouldn’t normally think about, but that worked out well for us. First, we were able to rent an apartment that six of us could stay in (three bedrooms with two people each). There was a kitchen and a washing machine for doing laundry. Another possibility was one that another person in our group found and it was staying in a monastery. I guess there are monasteries all over the world that have rooms that you can rent out that are much cheaper than hotels. One disadvantage is that there is often a time that you have to be home before (for our friend it was 10 pm). Look online to compare prices: http://www.rentalinrome.com/ or http://www.monasterystays.com/

Next... Pompeii

A Day for the Dead

2009-07-10T01:01:00.013-05:00

Archaeologists are becoming more interested in burials lately. Well, they were always interested in burials of rich people because sometimes that is where you found really interesting and valuable things. But now they are interested in burials of ordinary people. In the last few days we visited several burial places that were extremely interesting.

The first is called Isola Sacra and it was an island where people in ancient Rome buried their loved ones and also came to remember them. This is a bit out of the way, so often people don’t visit here, but it was very interesting, especially with the knowledge of Dr. Galinsky and Dr. White. The tombs looked like houses and were actually built on what looked like streets. People would visit their loved ones graves inside the little houses. Some of them were cremated and others were buried. Before this time people mostly cremated remains, but starting at this time some people buried the dead. There are very rich large and painted tombs that held whole families and also small humble looking tombs were the less wealthy buried their dead. There were many pots just outside of tombs where the families put the cremated remains of their slaves. At most of the archaeological sites that we have visited you only see what I call rubble and my archaeologist friends call walls and assorted other structural names.

At the second burial place they have left the remains just where they were found. Nicola Denzy was the expert who explained this site and the catacombs. She had never been to this particular place because it is fairly new and only open for paying groups. She said it is kept at a certain temperature so that the artifacts do not degrade. They are able to leave things out which they would normally remove and put into a museum. Dr. Denzy also took us to a catacomb. These are caves that run below the city of Rome for miles and miles. The one that we looked at was named after Pricilla because it is believed that the Priscilla who is talked about in the New Testament of the Bible (Priscilla and Aquilla) was buried here. We were not allowed to take pictures in the catacombs, so here is a picture of Dill at the door we used to enter into them. When you open the door you go down a bunch of stairs and into caves turning every which way. On both sides of the walls there are niches where people were buried. These tunnels also lead to chapels and some tombs that you can go into. There are several places that have very interesting painted walls.

Finally, since I know that latrines can be very interesting (we all need to use them, even in ancient times they did!) I am including a picture of one in Ostia. This is very much like the one in Hierapolis that I put a picture in earlier, except that more of it is left to look at so you can tell how it was used.

Flying Buttresses, the Pantheon and Catching Up

2009-07-09T12:34:00.012-05:00

It is the 9th and I have not written since the 6th. Wow! This Colloquium is busy. They are joking about it being like an army march and it is not far off. The blisters on my feet make me think they might be right. We spent two days with Karl Galinski in Rome that I told you about and then one day in Ostia with both Karl Galinski and another brilliant professor, L. Michael White who has an archaeological dig in Ostia. Ostia is the port city near Rome and there is lots of evidence there about the different trades that people had and ordinary life. Since the area was silted by the ocean, (modern Ostia is now on the ocean) many of the structures were preserved and so you can actually walk through what looks like houses and even go up to the second floor in some of them. I am going to go backwards now and try to catch up on a few really important things that I haven’t written about yet.

THE PANTHEON
Right in the middle of a piazza all of a sudden you see a huge building with the name AGRIPPA on the front. It is now a church with statues and pictures of saints and an altar, but it was built originally by Agrippa to honor gods. It was called the Pantheon because it honored many gods (pan=many, theo=god). The most interesting thing about this building is some of the architecture. It has a HUGE dome over the top of it with a circle at the top that is open to the sky. When it rains there is a puddle in the middle! Every day the sun comes in and shines on different parts of the building inside highlighting them. The Romans were known for making cement. That is why many of their buildings are bricks and cement mortar covered by plaster. It was a very strong way to build. The whole dome of the Pantheon is made of cement. You can imagine how heavy that is! In order to make it lighter they created a sort of honeycomb pattern of squares so that the center of each square was thinner than the outside. The outside structure made it strong enough to hold together, but the carved out centers made it light enough to be held up by the rest of the building. I have been told that we are going to talk to someone who is an expert on building structure when we are in Naples, so I may come back to this.

FLYING BUTTRESSES
I ACTUALLY saw buttresses, but it turns out that they were not flying buttresses. It is a word that I remember learning in elementary school, but didn’t have much understanding of until I actually saw one. A buttress is a structure added on to the outside of the building to hold up a wall. There are lots of them here and so I am including a picture. I looked up flying buttress in Wikipedia and it explained that a flying buttress is a buttress that actually connects one part of a building to another and so it is up in the air and looks like it is flying. There is a good picture of one in Wikipedia if you are interested.

ARS PACIS
This is a picture of Dill sitting by the model of Ars Pacis, which is a huge monument to peace that Augustus Caesar constructed as a sign that he had created peace in the Roman Empire. There really was relative peace, but it was based on imperialism (conquering and ruling other countries). Rome had conquered lots of other countries and since Rome was so strong the other countries could not fight back, so there was peace. What Rome often did was to conquer a country and then import some of the parts of it that they were most interested in (food, decorations, gods etc…) This obelisk held up by an elephant that Dill is pointing out from his motorcycle is a good example. There was a large temple to Isis who is an Egyptian God at this location and that is where the elephant came from. Egyptian things were very popular in Rome and many people decorated in that style. I know that Cleopatra fits into the story here somewhere, but I am not totally clear on it, so ask if you are curious and I will find out more.

Well, that is enough for this post except for this one more picture. I am sure you will e happy to know that almost no matter where you are you can find a McDonalds (I did not see one in either Selcuk or Bethlehem though). Today is a day off, so I am writing a few to catch up a bit. The next day we go on to Pompeii and Naples, so I may not write every day again. WIKIPEDIA
"A flying buttress, or arc-boutant, is a specific type of buttress usually found on a religious building such as a cathedral. They are used to transmit the horizontal thrust of a vaulted ceiling through the walls and across an intervening space (which might be used for an aisle, chapel or cloister), to a counterweight outside the building. As a result, the buttress seemingly flies through the air, and hence is known as a "flying" buttress."
"A buttress is an architectural structure built against (a counterfort) or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall. Buttresses are fairly common on more ancient buildings, especially in Germany, as a means of providing support to act against the lateral (sideways) forces arising out of the roof structures that lack adequate bracing."
"The word buttress, in a more general sense, means to support; one might buttress another person's arguments, for instance. By visual analogy, that which looks like a buttress may be called so; a projecting tree root at the base of the trunk, for example, may be referred to as a buttress."

Finding things and Friends

2009-07-08T02:25:00.003-05:00

On the right side of this blog is a section called Followers. I decided to put it in and see what it does. Here is one thing I have figured out. It helps you connect with other people who might be interested in the same types of things that you are. I saw that Kate was one of my followers, so I sent her a friend request. On her profile it showed the other blogs that she was following and one of them was about Tom the Turkey's trip to Turkey! You should really check it out! Also, check out the followers to see if there are any of them that you want to be friends with!

Learning Lots in Rome

2009-07-06T13:00:00.010-05:00

I know that my loyal readers are wondering what happened to me the last few days. The last time I posted to this blog was on July 3rd and today is July 6th. So much has happened that it is hard for me to even explain it all and the pace seems like it will keep up this way, so I may just have to squeeze in a post now and then. I am sorry, but this will have to be a long one.

Saturday was the 4th of July! I hope you had a wonderful Independence Day. Here in Rome it was like any other Saturday I guess since it is an American Holiday. We did not even see fireworks! On Saturday COMCAR 2009 (Colloquium on Material Culture and Ancient Religion) began. For me it started with friends of ours coming from the United States and joining us in the apartment where we are staying. One of the friends is Betsy Robinson (aka Dr. Robinson) who is a professor at Vanderbilt University. She knows a lot about ancient art and archaeology and she was really excited to be in Rome. There were so many museums that she wanted to see. I was lucky to be able to visit the Muzeo Nazionale Romano with her. She knew what was there and could explain why different pieces were so important. In the museum they have taken wall paintings that were found and created actual rooms so that you can get a feel for what it was like to be in them. The one in this picture is a room from Lyvia’s house. She is the wife of Augustus Caesar and a very powerful woman. This room is painted to make it feel like you are outside in a garden. I highly recommend renting and watching the PBS series called I, Claudius that was made many years ago. It has really helped me to make sense of so much of what I am seeing here. I have a concept of Lyvia and what she was like and how important she was.

In the evening COMCAR started with a banquet for everyone. Here is a picture of the beautiful location. For dinner I had calzone which is a folded over pizza. My friends in Whitefish bay wanted to know about pizza and I am glad to be able to tell you that I have eaten pizza a few times. There is lots of pizza here. The pizza here has pretty thin crust and maybe fewer toppings than American pizza. Usually people order it for their own meal, sort of like a “personal-pan pizza”. The word for mushrooms is fungi, so you can order pizza with fungi, which sounds bad to me even though I am OK with mushrooms. I have not seen any pepperoni. Maybe that is in a different part of Italy. One other different thing about eating here is that they tend to eat several courses when they go out for a restaurant meal. First they have antipasti, which is appetizers and my favorite one is bruchetta, which is sort of fried bread with tomatos and basil on it. Then they eat a pasta course, like spagetti or lasagna. Then they have the main course, which is some sort of meat. Then there is dessert, which you are usually too full for, but after a walk you think you can maybe eat some gelato and so you do. There are two ways to prove that you are an American here; ask for decaf coffee, ask for a doggie bag.

Since the opening dinner I don’t feel like there has been much time to stop and think at all. All day Sunday we walked ALL over Rome seeing things and learning. Both on Sunday and today (Monday) the expert who led the group was Carl Galinski who is a Professor at the University of Texas and is a world-renowned scholar. His specialty is the Greco-Roman world and especially Augustus. He is AMAZING! It seems that he knows so much about everything here. I think he could talk to us for DAYS and still have things to show us that are interesting. I am participating in these days with a group of professors from all over. There is even one from Australia. They are all so excited about all of the things that they are learning and seeing. They don’t seem to get tired, but I am exhausted!

Here are the few things that have made an impression on me in the last two days:

Because Rome has been important for so long most buildings here have had multiple purposes. They were often built first as temples and then converted into churches and even as churches have gone through many different stages. In some places there are many layers of plaster and painting like I saw in Ephesus. In other places archaeologists have discovered one layer under another that are difficult to sort out.
Archaeologists are careful scientists. Dr. Galinsky told us that we should’t take stories like Romulus and Remus too seriously. There is no archaeological evidence for that story. The first actual building archaeologists found that show Rome as a city is from about 325 BC. They have found other much earlier evidence of people living in the area, but not of an organized city. Archaeologists document EVERYTHING that they do. Now they take pictures of things they find and write descriptions with extremely correct measurements of everything. When archaeologists today look back at something found 50 years ago they can often read the documentation from the original archaeologists and then they can tell how much something has fallen apart since it was first found.
Statues and columns in ancient Rome and Greece were painted and colorful! We often think of Greek and Roman sculpture and columns as looking like they are now: all white, but they were actually painted. It is hard to imagine and only now scientists are figuring out ways to find out what colors were used.
Roman temples were not used like churches are used today. There was no congregation and people did not go to the temple once a week. They had statues in them of Gods and were usually built by someone to show how important they were in the city. People mainly went into them for certain festivals.

Well, that tells you the large outline of things that I am learning. We spent all morning today at the Forum and I will tell a bit about that later. I have taken the afternoon off to have time to rest, do some laundry and write this blog. It is hot outside and most of what we are looking at has been outside.

Now for a few other questions: Linda wrote that the La Pieta statue had been attacked by someone with a hammer several years ago and she wondered whether I could see the damage. I am including a bit closer up picture of the statue (without Dill, sorry). You can click on the image to see a larger size. I did not see any damage, but maybe I would have if I had looked more carefully. As Linda mentioned that is probably why it is behind glass now.

It is interesting the Whitefish Bay kids are so interested in what I am eating and more modern things! I was expecting to have more questions about Rome and Gods and that sort of thing. I am sorry to say that I did not eat gelato yesterday. I think as soon as I am finished writing I am going to head out to eat some gelato. I think I will try hazelnut or maybe peanut if they have it. Wouldn’t peanut and chocolate taste good together? I really can’t tell you about sports in Italy.

I know that they like what they call football, but we call soccer, but I have not seen any soccer or talked to anyone about it, so I am not very helpful with that question. There are posters around about the World Swimming Championships.

It is pretty funny that people do not say anything about me taking pictures with Dill in them. The Bulgarian girls that I asked to hold him thought it was cute and laughed about it. I have enjoyed telling the professors that I am following around about Dill, but strangers just look at me and don’t say anything.

Next time I write I will try to include the Pantheon, obelisks, flying buttresses, and a few other things I may have missed this time! Looking forward to hearing from you!

The Vatican and Spanish Steps

2009-07-03T05:14:00.011-05:00

The Vatican is actually a different country with the Pope as its head. Even when you are in Rome, Italy you must cross a border to go into the Vatican. It has its own currency (money), stamps and guards (whose costumes were designed by Michaelangelo). Since it is so important I decided to make that my first big stop in Rome and I spent the day exploring there yesterday. This was challenging because first of all I was kicked out when I tried to go into St. Peter’s Basillica. It is a huge church with hundreds of years of history. Many of the Popes are entombed there and there are also many important relics built right into the church. A relic is an important piece of something religious, like wood from the cross of Christ or the manger.

I was kicked out because I was not dressed properly. It is very hot here and I was planning to walk back to the place where we are staying after visiting the Vatican, so I had put on shorts and a sleeveless shirt. I guess the shorts showed my knees and my shoulders were a problem, so I could not go in. I was determined to go in, so I purchased two scarves and used one to cover my shoulders and the other to tie around my waist like a skirt. It worked! There is just WAY too much to see here and WAY too much history to describe in this blog post, so I am going to choose just a few things. A timeline is very helpful to me. I created one to put here, but I am not happy with it. I will keep trying to find a better way. If you have a suggestion I would really appreciate it. I am going to be adding to this timeline as I see things because I think it illustrates how everything I see here was built at a different time in history. The timeline starts with the Founding of Rome in 753, which I talked about yesterday and goes to the present with Dill and I visiting Rome. In between I have added the things that I saw yesterday and I will keep adding to it.

The first important thing I want to share about is called La Pieta and it is a statue done by Michelangelo that can be found in St. Peter’s Basilica. Here is a picture of Dill admiring it. It was so beautiful and well done that people at the time did not think that Michelangelo who was only 25 could have done it. In order to prove he was the sculptor he put his name on it on a sash. There are TONS of other very beautiful and important things in the Basilica, but you will just have to visit to see them.

After visiting the Basilica (which is free, but you must dress correctly), I went on to the Vatican Museums where the famous painting of God touching (creating) Man is painted on the ceiling. We had to walk through gallery after gallery of really fantastic art, paintings, sculpture, etc... to get to the chapel. When I got there I was totally amazed. There was SO much to see! the painting of God creating Man was only one of the panels of paintings all across the roof and the walls of the chapel. Michelangelo painted the ceiling and the scene of the Last Judgment in the front of the chapel. Many other painters did the other panels. I was disappointed that I could not take any photographs in the chapel, but I did buy a book and so here is Dill looking at the fold out of the ceiling. Amazing!

From here I walked back to the apartment I am staying in, but I wanted to see one more thing on the way. One thing that many people want to see when they come to Rome is the Spanish Steps. They are majestic and at the top there is a terrific view of Rome, so many tourists spend time sitting on the steps and walking up to see the view. One of the teachers from my school suggested that Dill have his picture taken at the steps and I was glad because by the time I read the note I had already taken that picture!

FOOD REPORT
Last night I had a cone with gelato-lemon, cream and chocolate. I really do like the fruit flavors. Lemon was good. I am not sure that chocolate was the best combination with it though! I will put up a new poll soon. I have also been eating wonderful Italian food every night. I am not sure how they do it, but it is all soooo good. Two nights ago I had bruchetta (bread with tomato and basil roasted with olive oil) and linguini with pesto. Last night was tortollini in white sauce. Like the things I am seeing there is so much richness it is hard to explain it all.

Overview of Rome

2009-07-02T01:13:00.008-05:00

Rome has been an important city for thousands of years. For the next few days I am planning to give you an overview of Rome with stories. Maybe some of you know some stories about Roman Gods that you could share. Send them to me at janicef@jfriesen.net and I will try to use them! Since many of the things that I am seeing are from different centuries, I am working on a timeline that I can include to give you an idea of all of the different times.

Today I am just going to tell you about the founding of Rome. Rome was founded about 750 BC. That is a LONG time ago. The story of the founding is well known, but no one knows how true it is, but it is a great story. There is a story that Romulus and Remus were brothers. The god Mars and a human woman gave birth to twins. She did not want to have children, so she tried to eliminate them by abandoning them on the Tiber River. The river was in a flood and the twins came to rest at the bottom of a hill called the Palatine where they were nursed by a wolf and brought up by a couple of shepherds. When they grew up they established a city on the Palatine, which became Rome (named after Romulus who killed his brother in an dispute over boundaries. The Palatine was one of seven surrounding hills: the Palatine, the Coelian, the Esquiline, the Velia, the Viminal, the Quirinal and the Capatoline. Rome is known as the city on seven hills. So, if you remember Romulus and Remus; a wolf; and seven hills you know the origins of Rome!

Dill took a bus trip with me yesterday to see an overview of Rome. On the bus we met these two nice Bulgarian Women and Dill wanted his picture taken with them (the guy holding the umbrella is a street umbrella salesman hoping for a sale). We looked all over and decided that today we should go to the Vatican and see the Sistine chapel where Michelangelo painted.

I am closing with a picture of Dill helping James with his research. James is here along with The Professor and a few others presenting at the International Society of Biblical Literature Conference.

Oh…. and speaking of The Professor…. for the 32 years I have been married to him he has been boasting that Italian Gelato is the best ice cream in the world. Finally I have a chance to test it out and see. WOW, he is right! I have now tasted pistacio, peach, melon, cream, After Five (like mint chip), chocolate, and coffee. I am putting up a short poll about which ice cream flavor I should try next. Let me know what you think!

The Winning Name Announced

2009-07-02T01:11:00.001-05:00

The winning name for the Armadillo is ..... DILL. Sorry to all of you Sheriff Bob fans.

Handout about Blogging Projects

2009-06-30T15:47:00.003-05:00

Today while presenting I told people about the handout I had made and realized that I should attach it some way to this blog. However, there doesn't seem to be a way to put in an attachment, so here is the handout. The main thing is that it has links to other things that I wanted to share. I did not include the PowerPoint because it was mainly pictures that I was going to talk about and all of them can be seen in the blogs with explanations.

Mediterranean Odyssey Handout

http://2009-odyssey.blogspot.com - Turkey, Israel, Italy, and Greece

I see this as a chance for me to share what I see and learn as I travel. I hope by sharing the experience the trip will be rich for me AND for anyone who follows.
This is the fourth time that I have blogged while traveling. Each time I learn new things. All of the pictures and information from my past blogs are still available online.

1. http://malahinitx.blogspot.com - October 2005 Subjects: Corinth, the archaeological site, museum, volunteering in the museum, the old town, the modern town, schools, the canal, Greek and Roman archtechture, visit to Olympia (site of the first Olympics), modern Greek holidays
2. http://jfriesen.edublogs.org - June 2006 Subjects: participation in a dig, other interesting sites, burial, Ephesus Turkey, Arsinoe, bones,
3. http://jfriesen.my-ecoach.com - June 2007 Subjects: Sparta, Epidaurus Opera, jobs in archaeology, Micenae,

Web 2.0 has made a huge difference in the possibilities for this kind of travel and collaboration. On this current trip I am trying out several widgets that participants can access and manipulate like a Google Map and a place for becoming a follower. I hope that people will make connections. I am also really glad for the opportunity to Skype with you!

Here are some good places to search for other projects that you can participate in OR to post your own projects that others might join:

Global Schoolhouse - http://globalschoolhouse.net -This is a long running site where you can place your project or find other projects and make connections. It also runs annual contests and has many other interesting resources

Teachers Connecting - http://teachersconnecting.com - This is a new site for teachers to connect to other teachers who are interested in similar things based on experience and comfort level. It is connected with podcast that is fantastic http://teachersconnecting.com/podcast/

http://malahinitx.blogspot.com (my professional blog)

Armadillo Poll and NECC Webcast

2009-06-30T15:36:00.004-05:00

I just looked at the poll that just closed and we have a TIE! I will post a VERY SHORT poll for a run off between the names Sheriff Bob and Dill. Please vote as soon as possible!

I spent today trying to get Internet set up so that I could present at NECC from the Coloseum in Rome. It all worked at this end and there were a few very encouraging people who attended from Boston, Ohio and Ireland among other places, but I am not sure if there was success connecting at NECC in Washinton DC. I will make sure to put up the handout and ppt that I talked about as soon as possible.

Wrapping Up Israel Two

2009-06-29T10:00:00.004-05:00

I just arrived in Italy last night and unfortunately I do not have Internet at the apartment where I am staying... so I am writing this from an Internet Cafe near the Termini Train Station.
There are 9 people who have voted for the name. TOMORROW IS THE FINAL DAY!

The people in Bethlehem are very friendly. Everywhere we went people offered us Arabic coffee (a small cup of strong coffee with cardemon), tea or lemonade. Sometimes they gave us Sprite or Coke. One day when we were visiting the Wi’am office they first brought us coffee and then tea and after that lemonade. I guess it is good because it is very hot there and you should drink lots of liquids! On our last evening there we went out for a typical Palestinian Barbeque. We went to a restaurant where there were grills out in front and lots of chicken being grilled. We sat at a table and the waiter brought us lots of different small salads on plates (humus, tahini, eggplant salad (baba ganoush), chopped tomatoes and cucumber, and others that I don’t have names for. Then they brought a plate of the barbequed chicken to the table. There is always pita bread that you dip into all of the different salads. We had forks, but I think the traditional way to eat is to tear off a piece of pita to pick salad up a bit and eat it. The chicken was delicious.

The day ended with a surprise. Last week both The Professor and I had our birthdays (June 18 and 19) and somehow they had heard about it and so they brought us a cheesecake decorated with our names and with candles. I don’t think this is the traditional Palestinian way to celebrate birthdays though! It was so nice of them. We also accompanied some Wi’am staff while they delivered groceries to people in need. They delivered toilet paper, sugar, salt, rice and olive oil to about 100 people in the last few days. The person who drove us around had an older car that was manual (you have to shift manually). When all four of us (the driver, Zoughbi, The Professor and myself) and the groceries were in the car it could not make it up some of those hills. Twice we had to get out and the professor and Zoughbi pushed the car.

One of the main memories I will have from visiting here is the roads. I was totally amazed at the way that people drive around the town. Many of the roads were so skinny I wouldn’t try to drive ONE car down them let alone two! Also Bethlehem is built on hills, so the roads are more like terraces that weave up and down and sometimes they are pretty steep. Sometimes you do a hairpin turn where you cannot see the oncoming traffic at all. Often there was two way traffic and parking where I would imagine only a one-way street. The people have developed a way of navigating these streets. They never seem to slow down and they don’t wait for other cars, but there seems to be some polite understanding about who gets to go next. I never saw an accident and I felt safe with the people who drove us around, but I wouldn’t want to give it a try!

Wrapping Up Israel One

2009-06-28T04:54:00.010-05:00

Last night we spent the night in a hotel in Tel Aviv. The hotel was across from the beach, so we went out to the beach, sat in soft sand and watched the sunset in the West. Beautiful! Then we slept well in our air-conditioned hotel room until 4 am when the alarm went off. This is our armadillo friend in the Tel Aviv Airport. We name him/her on Tuesday!

Today is a travel day Israel to Cypress to Athens to Rome. All day… Oh well, I think I will get a lot of reading done.

Here are some last thoughts about Bethlehem before I switch to writing about Rome.

Hebron-This is an important place for Christians, Muslims and Jews because it is traditional site of the burial place of Abraham, Sarah, Isaac and Rebecca. Abraham is remembered as the father of all three religions. There are important stories about them in the Old Testament, Koran and the Hebrew Scriptures. Hebron is listed as the place that Abraham buried his wife Sarah. It was a Jewish sacred site and then in the Middle Ages Christians built a church there. Saladin, an Arabian ruler, conquered the area and the church was turned into a mosque. Right now it is still a mosque, but there is an area for Jewish worshippers.

Church of the Nativity-In Bethlehem the site that most of the tourists come to see is the Church of the Nativity. It is built over a cave, which is the traditional site for the birth of Jesus. Three Christian groups share the building; Greek Orthodox, Roman Catholics, and Armenian Orthodox. The entry is really small and brings you into a large Orthodox church. You can tell it is orthodox because of the front of the church where there is an iconostasis (altar area specific to the Orthodox). Then you go down some stairs to the nativity cave. From there you can go out another way to the Armenian church and that connects to the Catholic Church. Lots of busses come with tourists who go to the church and many have worship services in the cave before they go on to the next place.

Children in Park-On Saturday before we left we went with all of the Wi’am kids (their summer program) to a park. This week was Danish week and there were Danish Lutherans who prepared some music for the kids. This is the one place that I saw grass and swings and shade trees. It is a really nice park. The kids seemed to have lots of fun running around. The group gathered for a performance of the Danish group. There were lots of drums and rhythm instruments and movement so that all of the kids could participate. The leaders brought falafal sandwiches and bottled water for everyone. Falafal are delicious balls made with ground chickpeas and spices and then deep-fried. They look sort of like meatballs, but they have no meat. A sandwich is actually pita bread with falafal, humus and some chopped tomatos and cucumber. I think they are delicious.

The Wi'am Center

2009-06-26T06:43:00.012-05:00

We are here in Bethlehem to visit our friend Zoughbi Zoughbi (seated). This picture shows him with Usama (standing) who works with him and drove us around to see things in the area. Zoughbi is the first person I met that has the same first name as last name. He is a very important person in Bethlehem and runs the Wi’am Center. He is also an elected member of the Bethlehem city council.

Wi’am means "congenial relations" in Arabic and their goal is to make peace in smaller and larger ways in Bethlehem. The topic of conflict in Bethlehem is hard to write about. In my own blog I write a little more about my personal reflections. For this blog it is important to explain that Israel is an important land to many different people. Israel is a place that Jews see as the promised land. It is also land where Palestinian Arabs lived for hundreds of years. Many Palestinian Arabs are Muslim, but a large minority (over 40% in Bethlehem) is Christian. Some of the Palestinians have used violence as a way to try to get their land back. Others are stuck in the middle watching their family land disappear and yet not wanting to hurt others. Some Israelis also have used violence against Palestinians and others want to see the problems resolved in a fair way. It is a very difficult and tragic situation. The solution of the Israeli government is to build a huge wall to separate Israelis from Palestinians. In the meantime the Israeli government is also claiming new land by building settlements in Palestinian areas. I think that anyone can understand the strong feelings that people have on both sides about being threatened by the other side.

Every day Zoughbi (with 11 employees) at the Wi'am Center does conflict mediation with people who come in for help. People come for help with solving problems of family disagreements, conflict over ownership of property, and with needs for food or other help. Wi’am also has a summer program for kids. The kids come and have fun and do arts and crafts and are occupied with positive things.

Wi'am works at many different levels. First they focus on the people and try to help them through their conflict mediation. Then they are involved in teaching people how to stand up for themselves in peaceful ways. Finally they work at an International level helping people outside the area understand the situation here. They have a new building right next to the wall and want to beautify it with a “peace” garden as a way of non-violent resistance. Zoughbi says that trees are one way to communicate permanence and peace, so he wants to plant lots of them.

At the Wi’am Center we also met Jason who is an American working with an agency called Paideia. He saw my t-shirt and was amazed! He ACTUALLY attended my school, Barton Creek Elementary, in third grade! It really is a small world. It was amazing also that I happened to be wearing THAT t-shirt on THAT day!

p.s. The issue of Israel and Palestinians is very complicated. On both sides people have experienced many losses and hurts. I am writing about this to tell a little about what I observed, but I really don't want to push any particular side. I would like to see both sides come together and work for peace.

Staying in Bethlehem

2009-06-25T13:47:00.007-05:00

The professor and I decided that it would be good to visit a friend of ours in Bethlehem while we were in Israel. Bethlehem is a complicated place right now, so it was good that we have a friend to help us arrange the visit. We are staying with his brother’s family, Issa and Diane Zoughbi. They have a bed and breakfast in their house where they regularly have people come and stay. Here is the website that tells about their church and hospitality house. House of Bread Church (Bethlehem means House of Bread in Hebrew)

Here is a view of Bethlehem from the patio where we are staying. It is beautiful. The house has about four floors. In the basement there is a room for Sunday School. On the next floor is an apartment for visitors, then the church and then there is the level the family lives on and finally the guest apartment. There is a kitchen, bathroom, two bedrooms, a living room and a patio!

The whole family is very friendly and warm and we feel comfortable here. They have one son studying at Oral Roberts University in Oklahoma, then there are two sons and a daughter here. I will have to put a picture of the whole family in later if I get one, but here I have just added a few of their pictures of Pastor Issa, Diana and Grace. The first evening we took a drive to a place just outside of the main town where we could get apricots. The apricots are only available for about a week, so they like to get lots of them and then make jam.

One new food they taught us about is a spice called zaatar. It is something they eat a lot. It has thyme and other spices and sesame seeds. They dip pita bread in olive oil and then into zaatar. I really like it. Also, Palestinian barbeque is really good. Today we ate lunch at a Palestinian restaurant. The first thing they do is to bring you pita bread and lots of different salads. We probably had about 15 small plates of different things to eat with the pita bread. There was tabuli, humus, tahini, pickles, cut up cucumber and tomato, something that seemed like an eggplant salad and other things. Then they bring the main meal which is usually roasted meat. Today I had a dish with chicken that had been baked with lots of onions. At the end of the meal they bring a really sweet dessert like baklava and arabic coffee. It is really strong coffee with cardamon in a small cup. Diana has been making breakfast for us in the mornings and visiting with us and then during the day our friend, Zoughbi Zoughbi (he has the same name twice!) has arranged for us to visit other thing which I will be writing about in other posts. Tomorrow I will tell you about the Wi'am Center.

VOTE NOW

2009-06-25T11:39:00.002-05:00

It is time to vote for the armadillo's name. I have opened the vote and it will be open until Tuesday, June 30th and we will see then which name is chosen!

More about Kibbutzim

2009-06-23T23:47:00.003-05:00

One of my wonderful followers (or at least commenters) asked these questions about Kibbutzim:

Tell us what a kibbutz is like. Do people live in separate homes? How big is it? How many families live there? Do you eat meals together? Why do people choose to live on a kibbutz? Are you allowed to go outside the kibbutz? Is there a school on the kibbutz?

I asked our archaeologist friends, Dan and Michael who have stayed in this kibbutz while digging at Omrit for many years. The kibbutzim movement was very important in the 1970’s. Here is their answer:

Many American Jews moved to Israel thinking they would create a utopian communal type of living. In the beginning the kids even stayed separate from their parents in the children’s house all week long and only went home to be with their parents on weekends. All of the meals were communal and everyone was paid the same stipend no matter how important they were or what they did for work. There were small houses where everyone lived and then lots of farmland. Each kibbutz produced different things. Now the kibbutzim are changing. Most of the people living on the kibbutzim are older. Many of the younger people have moved to the cities.

Every kibbutz has a business that provides work and money for the people who live there. Many kibbutzim have an area where there are cabins for people to stay in when they vacation in the country.

There are no longer communal meals. Everyone cooks for themselves in their own homes. There is a small grocery store where people can get the basics. There is also a pub and a swimming pool. People are totally free to go where ever they want on a kibbutz. I think there used to be schools, but am guessing that there are not now.

The Jewish Virtual Library information about kibbutz

Tomorrow will be about my visit to Palestine.

Problems with Poll

2009-06-23T15:09:00.004-05:00

For some reason the poll is designed so that I cannot change it once anyone has voted. Three votes have been cast and each time in order to add the new name I have had to delete votes. So far we have one vote for each Arnie, Armee, and Yolanda. Right now I am just collecting names and then I will put up the actual vote. Please suggest names and get ready for the final vote this coming weekend! If you have already voted you should be able to vote again when I put up the final poll.